Relaciones infraestructurales: agua, poder político y el surgimiento de un nuevo régimen despótico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22380/2539472X.575Palabras clave:
propiedad del agua, gobernanza del agua, relaciones humanas y no humanas, Reino Unido, AustraliaResumen
Ya han pasado sesenta años desde que Karl Wittfogel destacara una relación clave entre el poder político y la propiedad y el control del agua. Estudios posteriores han sugerido, en un sentido acorde, que la exclusión de la propiedad de recursos esenciales representa una forma profunda de exclusión —una pérdida de participación democrática en la dirección societaria—. Varios campos de desarrollo teórico han clarificado estos temas. Algunos antropólogos han explorado la relación recursiva entre arreglos políticos y sistemas de creencia cosmológicos. Las definiciones estrechas de propiedad han sido cuestionadas al tomarse en consideración formas más diversas de propiedad y control de los recursos. Los análisis de la cultura material han mostrado cómo esta amplía la agencia humana, además de tener capacidades de agencia en sí misma; y exploraciones sobre infraestructuras han destacado su papel en la constitución de relaciones sociotécnicas y políticas. Tales aproximaciones son fácilmente aplicables al agua y a la cultura material a través de la cual es controlada y usada. A partir de una investigación histórica y etnográfica sobre el agua en Australia y el Reino Unido, este artículo traza las relaciones cambiantes a lo largo del tiempo entre creencias cosmológicas, infraestructura y arreglos políticos, y sugiere que la actual tendencia hacia la privatización transnacional de la propiedad del agua abre la puerta al surgimiento de nuevos “regímenes despóticos”.
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